The history of the USA begins with Native peoples, followed by European colonization (English on the East Coast), leading to independence in 1776 and the formation of a federal republic. The 19th century was marked by territorial expansion (March to the West), economic growth, and the Civil War (1861-1865) over slavery, won by the North, which abolished it. In the 20th century, the USA emerged as a world power after the World Wars, with technological advances (landing on the Moon), but also conflicts (Vietnam) and social movements (Civil Rights), consolidating itself as a superpower after the Cold War. Colonial Period and Independence (17th-18th Centuries) Settlement: Migration of Asians to Alaska (25,000 years ago), followed by Vikings and, from 1492, colonization by Europeans (Spanish, French, English). The 13 Colonies: Established by the English on the Atlantic coast, developing distinct economies (trade in the North, slave plantations in the South) and a tradition of autonomy. American Revolution: Increased taxes and English control generated conflict. The colonies declared independence on July 4, 1776, winning the war and having their independence recognized in 1783 by the Treaty of Paris. Early Years: George Washington became the first president in 1789, consolidating a federal republic. 19th Century: Expansion and Internal Conflict Territorial Expansion: Acquisition of vast territories (Louisiana, Alaska) and the "March to the West," driven by "Manifest Destiny" and hunger for land. Slavery: Great division between the industrialized North and the agrarian South, leading to the Civil War (1861-1865) after Lincoln's election. Civil War: The North (Union) won, resulting in the abolition of slavery and the reunification of the Nation..